Buddhism
An ancient tradition focused on personal spiritual development and the attainment of deep insight.
History & Origins
Buddhism originated in ancient India (present-day Nepal) between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE, founded by Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha ('The Awakened One'). Abandoning his royal life, he sought to understand the roots of human suffering.
Through intense meditation and mindfulness, the Buddha attained enlightenment under the Bodhi tree. He spent the next 45 years teaching the 'Middle Way'—a path between sensual indulgence and severe asceticism.
The tradition spread across Asia, evolving into major branches like Theravada (The School of the Elders) and Mahayana (The Great Vehicle). While distinct in rituals, they share core practices of ethics, concentration, and wisdom.
Influence on Modern Mindfulness
Buddhism provided the core framework for modern mindfulness. Concepts like Sati (mindfulness) and Metta (loving-kindness) were secularized in the 1970s to create clinical programs like MBSR, stripping away religious dogma while keeping the psychological benefits.